Method of and apparatus for producting sound



iDec. 23, 19241. 152G357 H. c. LORD METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FORPRODUCING SOUND Filed July 2, 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet l Inventor:

Deg. 23, 1 924.

H. C. LORD METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SOUND Filed July 2,1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Inventor: 7 4% C %M De 23, T 9241.

H. C. LORD METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SOUND F d July 2, 19203 Shets-Sheet 5 Inventor: MAX 6,

Patented Dec. 23, 11924.

HUGH C. LORD, OF ERIE, PENNSYL VANIA.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SOUND.

Application filed July 2, 1920. Serial Ho. 393,545.

' preferred form records are produced by impressing upon the record asound groove having two distinct but synchronous series much in the waythat multiple strings for the same notes accomplish this purpose inpianos and also as to such tones as may be responded to moreparticularly by one type of groove than the other of sound waves, one ofthe zig-zag type and the other ofthe hill and dale type. In producingthis record sound receiving diaiphragms are used each transmitting itsvibrations to a single cutting tool and each diaphragm operating uponthe tool independently of the other diaphragm. In this way the soundgroove is perfectly formed so as to reproduce vibrations in twodiaphragms, one from the side motions of a reproducing needle and theother from the vertical motions of such a reproducing needle. In thisway the side walls of the groove may be utilized for producingvibrations and at the same time the bottom of the groove is utilized forproducing synchronous vibrations in a second diaphragm. The result ofthis combination of vibrations and their translation into sound. is toamplify the sound produced by a single needle and utilize all theworking surface of the groove forrthis purpose. Not only this but inthis manner slight errors that may. occur in one of the sound producingseries of Waves may be corrected to a slight extent through the otherseries. a

With a record so produced it. is obvious that it can be utilized forreproducing sound with machines adapted to reproduce the records of thehill and dale type and also will be capable of reproducing sound withrecords operatingon the zigzag type. Further the apparatus forreproducing sound illustrated in this invention is, without any changein the position of the disk, capable of reproducing sound from either itype of record. Where the zig-zag record is used the zig-zag waves aretranslated into vibrations of the diaphragm corresponding to these waves"alone. 011 the other hand if thelneedle is operating on the'hill anddale record motion is transmitted to the diaphragm corresponding to thevertical motion only. In this way a universal record is produced and auniversal sound-producing apparatus provided.

Anapparatus made in accordance with my invention and for carrying outthe invention is illustrated as follows Fig. 1 shows a side elevation ofa sound box, partly in section.

Fig. 2 a side elevation of the same.

Fig. 3 a plan view from the bottom of the same.

Fig. 4 a top view of the same.

Fig. 5 a section of a record with a cutting tool in place thereonforming a groove therein.

Fig. 6 a plan View of a record showing an enlarged view of a recordgroove.

Fig. 7 a section of the samerecord showing the groove at correspondingpoints with the groove shown in Fig. 6.

Figs. 8, 9, 10 and 11 diagrams of a 'sound producing instrumentality anda record producing instrumentalit Fig. 12 a front view of a sound boxdiffering from that shown in Figs. 1 to 4t inclusive.

Fig. 13 a side elevation of the same.

Fig. 14 a central vertical section through the sound box.

l'marks the record, 2 the needle operating upon the record, 3 the needlecarrier, 4 a screw for clamping the needle in the needle carrier, and 5an alternative position of needle ina vertical position if such positionis desirable, the same screw 4 operating to the vertical opening inwhich the needle 2 is arranged.

The needle carrier is mounted on an arm 6 which extends from a rockshaft 7. The rock shaft is mounted between the arms 8 carried by a rockshaft 9. Cone screws 10 extend in o the ends of the rock shaft 7 forminga bearing permittingthe oscillatory movement of the rock shaft in thearms 8. The rock shaft 9 is mounted between .the arms 11 extending fromthe body 12 of the sound box and cone screws 13 extend through the arms11 into the ends of the shaft 9 and form a pivotallltl joint for theshaft 9. A vibrating finger the zig zag responding diaphragm 22.

v in the usual manner.

The diaphragms are secured between the rings 23 by means of a clampingring 24 A sound passage 25 leads from the diaphragm 22 and the soundpassage 26 from the diaphragm 16, these passages being so arranged as tounite at a point equidistant from the diaphragms and to lead to onecommon sound passage. A fitting 28 is secured to the sound box and is p0itioned to continue the sound passage 27 an the usual supporting tubulararm forming the sound passage 29 extends into the fitting 28. Anyflexible support may be rovided for the arm 29. It, of course, must avea movement to follow the record and also must have sufficient movementto follow inequalities in the record.

If desired spring 7 may be provided on the shaft 7 extending to the arms8 so as to put tension on the diaphragm 22 and similarly a spring 9extending from the arm 11 to the arms 8 to put any tension desired onthe diaphragm 16.

It will be noted that the fulcrum for the needle 2 when acted upon bythe sides of the record groove to produce the zig zag vibrations for thediaphragm 22' is at the axis of the shaft 9 and the pressures exerted atthis fulcrum should be in alinement with these pivots at least in thesame direction as the axis of the shaft 9 and preferably in alinementtherewith so that any zig zag vibration exerts no vibrating pressureupon the shaft 9 and consequently upon the hill and dale diaphragm 16.If, therefore, the sound box is used With a zig zag record vibrationsare produced only in the diaphragm 22 and there is no interference withthe sound produced through any disturbing action on the diaphragm 16. Onthe other hand if the needle is placed upon a hill and dale record theshaft 9 will lock in response to the up and down movement of the needleand the pivotal connection between the shaft 19 and the shaft 7 willprevent any movement being transmitted.to the finger 18. Consequentlywith a needle operating on the hill and dale record the dia- I phragm'22will remain mute so far as any direct sound producing vibration isconcerned. On the other hand if a record havingthe combined qualities ofsound waves icating their movement to a single cutting.

tool a too-l is mounted in the carrier in place of the needle and thediaphragms are mounted in sound receiving boxes of-common type. TheVibrations of the sound receiving diaphragms are communicated to theneedle through mechanism similar to that described for the soundproduction, that is to say, the mechanism in which each diaphragmcommunicates its movement to the cutting tool independently butsynchronously with its companion diaphragm.

In the alternative'form shown in Figs. 1 to 4 the needle 30 is mountedin a carrier 31 secured by the screw 32. The carrier is mounted on anarm 33. The arm 33 extends from a shaft 34 which is mounted between thearms 35. Cone screws 36 extend into the end of the shaft 34 and form ajoint. A vibrating finger 37 extends upwardly from the shaft34 and isonnected by a link 38 with a diaphragm 42, the link members 45 carriedbythe frame of the sound box 46. Springs 47 are secured to the plate 44and "are adjusted by screws 48. By means of these springs, one at eachside of'the plate 44, any resilient resistance to the movement of thearm 43 may be had as desired and these'springs may be ad justed to carrypart of the weight of the sound box and may be adjusted to put theproper tension on the diaphragm as desired. 4 It will be understood thatjoints of similar character may be used with the construction shown inFigs. 12, 13 and 14 if desired and also for other joints than thisstructure. A vibrating finger 49 extends from the plate 44 and issecured at 50 with the hill and dale responding diaphragm 51. Thediaphragms 51 and42 aresecured in the usual manner by clamping rings 52and the sound box is provided with the sound passages 53 and 54 leadingfrom the diaphragms. These passages 53 and 54 leading to a commonpassage 55 are located in a direction to synchronize the sounds from thetwo diaphragms. A securing fitting 56 is provided in the usual manner.

In Fig. 5 I have shown a cutting tool 57. I

be used only a tool forming a. bottom surface for the groove must beconsidered as well as the side walls. As before stated this tool ismounted in suitable mechanism connected with sound receiving diaphragmsarran ed to transmit the movement to the tool in the manner that thevibrations are transmitted to the diaphragms from the record.

In Figs. 6 and 7 enlarged views of sound grooves are illustrated, thegroove being marked 1. It will be noted that the grooves show a zig zagundulation as well as a hill and dale undulaflion and. that these aresynchronized. Ordinarily the groove will have the side walls so formedas to make the outtingtool readily clear and where this is the case thegroove will show slight differences in the surface width.

In Fig. 8 I have shown diagrammatically the operation of the diaphragmswhen the sound box is placed upon a zig zag record. It will be notedthat only the vertically arranged diaphragm is vibrated and thehorizontal diaphragm is stationary.

In Fig. 9 the movement of the parts is shown with the needle operatingon the hill and dale record. Here the vertical diaphragm is stationaryand the horizontal diaphragm alone is vibrated.

In Fig. 10-is shown diagrammatically the double. arrangement ofdiaphragms either for receiving or reproducing and here it will be notedthat both di-aphragms are vibrated synchronously and either from soundoperating to receive sound or mechanically from the record forreproducing sound. In this diagram 58 indicates the needle or cuttingtool as the case may be, 59 the carrier, 60 the hill and dale respondingdiaphragm, 61 the zig zag responding diaphragm, 62 a vibrating fingerextending upwardly from the carrier 59, 63 a link connecting the finger62 with the diaphragm 61, and 66 a horizontal arm p-ivotally mounted at65 and pivotally connected to the vertical finger 62. In a general waythis diaphragm follows the structure shown in Figs. 1 to 4: but outsideof the reversal of the transmitting movement in the hill and; diaphragmthe diagram will illustrate the action of the structure shown in Figs.12 to 14. It will be observed that with a record formed by this methodthere is a perfect hill and dale undulation to the groove so that therecord will reproduce -with machines adapted for such records and alsothat the record has the zig zag undulations so that the record willreproduce with the zig zag also. It will also be observed that theseundulations are perfectly formed from independent sources and are notmere compromises of a movement produced from a single diaphragm.Consequently the reproduction quality of the record for both types ofundulations is coma plete and perfect. Further it will be noted soundbox., It will further be noted that when the sound box is used with therecord produced by the method here described there 7 is a completeresponse from two diaphragms perfectly synchronized and that thesediaphragms are actuated from difierent surfaces of the groove so that noadded strain is put upon the record.

While the instrument here shown is particularly designed as asound-producing instrument it will be understood that it will operate inactuating a groove forming tool to produce a record. Obviously theslight modification in sound receiving devices may be applied if desiredand the instruments more'completely adapted for this purpose. veyingmovement to the common tool, however, would be utilized.

What I claim as new is 2-- 1. The method of reproducing sound comprisingsynchronously vibrating with the same tone waves a plurality ofsound-producing elements from a single source of motion, each elementresponding to a different direction of motion at the source.

2. The method of reproducing sound which consists in synchronouslyVibrating with the same tone waves a plurality of sound-producingelements from a single source of motion, each element responding to adifferent direction of motion at the source, collecting the waves fromthe elements, and delivering the same through the same media.

3. In a sound box, the combination of two diaphragms set at an angle toeach other; a vibrating finger operating on one diaphragm; a vibratingfinger operatin on the other diaphragm; connected pivotal mountings forsaid vibrating fingers; and a needle carrier carried by the mounting anddelivering vibrations to one of the fingers in response to verticalvibrations and delivering vibrations to the other of said fingers inresponse to lateral vibrations.

4:. In an apparatus for reproducing sound, the combination of twodiaphragms; and a needle adapted to simultaneously engage both walls andthe bottom of a sound groove and to transmit vertical undulations to onediaphragm and horizontal undulations to the other diaphragmsimultaneously.

5. In an apparatus for reproducing sound, the combination of a soundrecord having record grooves therein with zig zag sound waves and hilland dale sound waves formed therein, the side walls of the zig zaggroove forming the same sound waves; a needle simultaneously engagingboth side walls and the bottom of the groove; a sound box having twodiaphragms; and

Ihe underlying method of conmeans for conveying the vertical vibrationsof the needle to one diaphragm and the horizontal vibrations of theneedle to the other diaphragm.- I

6. In a sound producing apparatus, the combination of a sound box havingtwo diaphragms, and means comprising a record and a single needle andmountings for the needle permitting it to synchronously vibrate indifferent directions in response to the record and to convey the saidvibrations to the diaphragms, to produce on both diaphragms the sametone vibrations simultaneously.

7 In a graphophone, a pair of sound boxes arranged at right angles toone another, a stylus holder mounted for universal movement in proximityto the sound boxes, one-Way flexible means between each sound box andsaid stylus holder and arranged to operate at right angles to eachother, and a record tablet having a compound sound groove adapted tovibrate the stylus holder independently in planes at right angles to oneanother, whereby to transmit separate series of vibrations inde-'pendently to the sound boxes.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set In hand.

y HUGH CL LORD.

